XIANG Xiaofeng,ZHANG Xiangyu,WANG Zhichao,et al.Comparative study on performance of catalysts for urea hydrolysis[J].Thermal Power Generation,2023,52(01):105-110.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202206136]
尿素水解催化剂性能比较研究
- Title:
- Comparative study on performance of catalysts for urea hydrolysis
- 摘要:
- 为筛选出高活性的尿素水解催化剂，利用间歇反应釜和连续操作中试装置，对尿素催化水解反应的动力学和热力学特性进行了研究，并比较了不同催化剂对水解反应温度、能耗和变负荷响应时间的影响。结果表明：添加催化剂能够降低水解反应的活化能（液态磷酸氢二铵活化能为65.3 kJ/mol、固体氧化铝活化能为52.9 kJ/mol），并提高尿素转化率；添加催化剂能够提高水解反应速率，降低水解反应温度；在连续操作反应器中，固体氧化铝催化剂存在分布不均、接触不充分的问题，导致催化活性下降；催化水解的产氨能耗仅比普通水解降低约1%~3%，添加磷酸氢二铵和氧化铝催化剂未减小水解器的变负荷响应时间。
参考文献/References:
［1］ 罗峻, 刘国军. 烟气脱硝尿素制氨工艺技术研究进 展[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2019, 25(4): 8-13.
LUO Jun, LIU Guojun. Research progress of preparing ammonia technologies by urea in gas denitrification[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2019, 25(4): 8-13.
［2］ 冯前伟, 张彭, 李存文, 等. 典型燃煤机组SCR脱硝还原剂尿素制氨技术经济比较分析[J]. 锅炉技术. 2022, 53(1): 76-80.
FENG Qianwei, ZHANG Peng, LI Cunwen, et al. Comparison on techno-economic analysis of ammonia production using urea from SCR denitration reducing agent in typical coal-fried unit[J]. Boiler Technology, 2022, 53(1): 76-80.
［3］ 惠润堂, 韦飞, 闫世平, 等. 国产首套尿素水解装置在大型火电厂的工业应用及技术优化[J]. 中国电力, 2014, 47(7): 150-155.
HUI Runtang, WEI Fei, YAN Shiping, et al. The industrial application and technical optimization of first domestically made urea hydrolysis unit in large power plants[J]. Electric Power, 2014, 47(7): 150-155.
［4］ 王福伟, 王倩, 刘晓明, 等. 脱硝供氨系统中尿素制氨技术探讨[J]. 现代化工, 2011, 31(3): 63-65.
WANG Fuwei, WANG Qian, LIU Xiaoming, et al. Technical research on ammonia preparation from urea for denitrification[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2011, 31(3): 63-65.
［5］ YANG W, CHEN Z, ZHOU J, et al. Catalytic performance of zeolites on urea thermolysis and isocyanic acid hydrolysis[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011, 50(13): 7990-7997.
［6］ EICHELBAUM M, FARRAUTO R J, CASTALDI M J. The impact of urea on the performance of metal exchanged zeolites for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx: Part I. pyrolysis and hydrolysis of urea over zeolite catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2010, 97(1/2): 90-97.
［7］ GUO C, SHEN S, LI M, et al. Rapid in situ synthesis of MgAl-LDH on η-Al2O3 for efficient hydrolysis of urea in wastewater[J]. Journal of Catalysis, 2021, 395: 54-62.
［8］ FAN X, LI Z Y, DU M W, et al. Plasma-catalytic hydrolysis of urea for ammonia production: optimization and kinetic study[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2021, 60(48): 17480-17488.
［9］ PENGPANICH S, MEEYOO V, RIRKSOMBOON T, et al. Catalytic oxidation of methane over CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxide solid solution catalysts prepared via urea hydrolysis[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2002, 234(1/2): 221-233.
［10］ KUNTZ C, WEICKENMEIER H, B?RNHORST M, et al. Deposition and decomposition of urea and its by-products on TiO2 and VWT-SCR catalysts[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2022, 95: 108969.
［11］ GUILLERMINA E, KENNETH M. Enzymatic catalysis of urea decomposition: elimination or hydrolysis[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2004, 126: 11832-11842.
［12］ 李春雨, 丁艳军, 孟磊, 等. 燃煤电厂烟气SCR脱硝低能耗尿素催化水解技术开发与应用研究[J]. 中国科技成果, 2017(17): 68-69.
LI Chunyu, DING Yanjun, MENG Lei, et al. Development and applied research for ammonia production from urea catalytic hydrolysis of low energy consumption by flue gas SCR denitrationin coal-fired power plant[J]. China Science and Technology Achievements, 2017(17): 68-69.
［13］ 张向宇, 张波, 陆续, 等. 火电厂尿素水解工艺设计 及试验研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(9): 2452-2457.
ZHANG Xiangyu, ZHANG Bo, LU Xu, et al. Crafts design and experimental study of urea hydrolysis to ammonia in thermal power plant[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(9): 2452-2457.
［14］ MONTA?EZ M K, MOLINA R, MORENO S. Nickel catalysts obtained from hydrotalcites by coprecipitation and urea hydrolysis for hydrogen production[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(16): 8225-8237.
［15］ MEGUERDICHIAN A G, JAFARI T, SHAKIL M R, et al. Synthesis and electrocatalytic activity of ammonium nickel phosphate, [NH4] NiPO4·6H2O, and β-nickel pyrophosphate, β-Ni2P2O7: catalysts for electrocatalytic decomposition of urea[J]. Inorganic Chemistry, 2018, 57(4): 1815-1823.
［16］ 宋熙熙, 邵爽, 雷群芳, 等. 等温滴定量热法测定脲酶催化尿素水解反应动力学[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版). 2009, 36(2): 175-179.
SONG Xixi, SHAO Shuang, LEI Qunfang, et al. Kinetics of urease-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction of urea determined by isothermal titration calorimetry[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2009, 36(2): 175-179.
［17］ 孙立群, 吴冲. 烟气脱硝用尿素水解制氨技术理论与实践[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2020, 26(6): 229-236.
SUN Liqu, WU Chong. Theory and practice of ammonia production by hydrolysis of urea for flue gas denitration[J]. Clean Coal Technology. 2020, 26(6): 229-236.
［18］ BERNHARD A M, PEITZ D, ELSENER M, et al. Catalytic urea hydrolysis in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx: catalyst screening and kinetics on anatase TiO2 and ZrO2[J]. Catalysis Science & Technology, 2013, 3(4): 942-951.
［19］ ADRI? M A, LUSINE H, ANA B C, et al. NQS-doped PDMS solid sensor: from water matrix to urine enzymatic application[J]. Biosensors, 2021, 11(6): 186.
［20］ WU Z, ZHANG B, ZHOU X, et al. Influence of single/collective use of curing agents on the curing behavior and bond strength of soy protein-melamine-urea-formaldehyde (SMUF) resin for plywood assembly[J]. Polymers, 2019, 11(12): 1995.
（责任编辑 杨嘉蕾）
相似文献/References:
[1]宋丽莎,曹长武,李 超.大型发电机内冷水系统加药处理技术的应用[J].热力发电,2001,(01):0.
[2]张波,张向宇,李明浩,等.火电厂尿素水解产品气输送问题分析[J].热力发电,2015,(11):114.
ZHANG Bo,ZHANG Xiangyu,LI Minghao,et al.Problem analysis for transportation of urea hydrolysis production gas for thermal power plants[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,(01):114.
[3]王林伟,段钰锋,姚婷,等.SNCR脱硝及添加CO对其特性的影响[J].热力发电,2016,(05):41.
WANG Linwei,DUAN Yufeng,YAO Ting,et al.Experimental study on SNCR process of the effect of CO additive on denitration performance[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,(01):41.
[4]张向宇,高宁,张波,等.高浓度尿素水解制氨试验研究[J].热力发电,2016,(06):57.
ZHANG Xiangyu,GAO Ning,ZHANG Bo,et al.Experimental study on ammonia preparation by high concentration urea hydrolysis[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,(01):57.
[5]黄锦阳,杨征,鲁金涛,等.尿素水解制氨装置法兰失效原因分析[J].热力发电,2016,(06):111.
HUANG Jinyang,YANG Zheng,LU Jintao,et al.Failure analysis of flange used for urea hydrolysis equipment[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,(01):111.
[6]向小凤,张向宇,陆 续,等.制氨系统尿素质量分数测定方法改进[J].热力发电,2019,(04):116.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.201809100
]
XIANG Xiaofeng,ZHANG Xiangyu,LU Xu,et al.An improved chemical method for detecting mass fraction of urea in ammonia preparation system[J].Thermal Power Generation,2019,(01):116.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.201809100
]
[7]花立存,吴春华,马文杰,等.两种尿素水解制氨技术理论分析及应用对比[J].热力发电,2019,(11):135.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.201903056
]
HUA Licun,WU Chunhua,MA Wenjie,et al.Theory analysis and application of two kinds of technologies for ammonia production by urea hydrolysis[J].Thermal Power Generation,2019,(01):135.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.201903056
]
[8]邵华国,李 清,朱文瑜.尿素水解产品气管道堵塞原因分析及防堵措施[J].热力发电,2022,51(06):154.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202112247
]
SHAO Huaguo,LI Qing,ZHU Wenyu.Reason analysis for blocking in pipeline of urea hydrolysis products and the anti-blocking measures[J].Thermal Power Generation,2022,51(01):154.[doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202112247
]
备注/Memo
向小凤（1980），女，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为空气污染物排放控制及清洁能源技术研究，xiangxiaofeng@tpri.com.cn。
